Les déterminants de la création de spin-off académiques. Une comparaison internationale dans les établissements supérieurs de Caen, Carthagène et Ferrare

This report aims at highlighting the determining factors in the choice made by members of the higher establishments of Caen (France) and of the universities of Carthagène (Spain) and Ferrare (Italy) to create a company rather than resorting to another type of economic valorization of their research activities. Compared to the existing literature we show that these choices have psychological components. If the desire to engage in economic valorization of research activities remains strongly related to the fact that the individuals anticipate it will not mean a break in their career, the choice to resort to entrepreneurship is also characteristic of a young population for which this commitment is prestigious and likely to solve the financial problems inherent to the lack of seniority. The research laboratory does not specifically appear to encourage them to get into entrepreneurship (particularly in France) and the main policies to favor academic entrepreneurship would lie, according to the respondents, in providing financial support and facilitating the mastery of financial abilities and techniques.