Mean-field description of a dilute s–d system

The Feynman–Kac theorem and Bogolyubov inequality are applied to obtain a lower bound and an upper bound to the free energy of the s–d Hamiltonian with locally smeared interactions between electrons and impurities. The two bounds, which express in terms of the free energy of impurities in a mean field and electrons in a field of barriers and wells localized at the impurity sites, are almost equal if the impurity concentration is sufficiently small or s–d coupling sufficiently weak.