Modelling of turbulent fluxes in water surface ecosystems studies

The study of aquatic ecosystems has taken advantage of the development of mathematical models considered as tools applied for comprehension, simulation and prediction. But their final adjustment is connected with modelling of turbulent fluxes which interprets the mixing of various components and of biochemical kinetics. From two examples, the first one in natural body and the second one in laboratory, we can show the importance of different phenomena acting on turbulent fluxes.