Multinational and exporter wage premia: evidence from southeastern Europe and a panel multiple-treatments approach

We explore how the type of global market entry affects wage premia, classifying firms into four categories: domestic only, domestic exporters, non-exporting multinationals, and exporting multinational enterprises. Using firm-level panel data for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Slovenia for the years 2007–2017 and a multivariate endogenous treatment model based on the approach of Wooldridge (J Econom 68(1):115–132, 1995 ), we find that the multinational wage premia are mainly driven by the export status of multinational firms. Specifically, domestic exporters and exporting multinationals pay on average higher wages than non-exporting firms, whereas non-exporting multinationals tend to pay lower wages than domestic-only firms.