On the labour market integration of refugees from Ukraine: A simulation study

Since the onset of Russia's war against Ukraine, the number of Ukrainian nationals in Germany has risen from 156,000 to 1,240,000. Although many plan to return to Ukraine after the war, the duration of the conflict is leading an increasing number of them to consider staying in Germany for an extended period or permanently. Against this backdrop, this research report simulates various scenarios of labour market integration for Ukrainian refugees, based on the employment trajectories of previous refugees and migrants from the former Soviet Union. The scenarios aim to establish realistic expectations about the progress of labour market integration for Ukrainian refugees and to quantitatively assess the impact of specific factors. However, these conditional scenarios should not be misunderstood as forecasts, as they are based on strong assumptions and do not fully control for many relevant factors. [...]