P-TRANSQUAL: a service quality model of public land transport services

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test a model of service quality of public land transport services, especially paratransit services. Design/methodology/approach – This study used quantitative approach. Data were collected through a survey method using questionnaire. The respondents of the study are 880 passengers of paratransit services in Indonesia. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed in order to identify the dimensions of service quality and test the convergent and discriminant validity of the dimensions. Cronbach’s α analysis was carried out to test the reliability of the dimensions. In addition, criterion-based validity and the stability of the service quality model were also tested. Findings – A model of service quality of public land transport, namely P-TRANSQUAL, was tested. P-TRANSQUAL consists of four dimensions, which are comfort, tangible, personnel, and reliability. The model has been proven to have good validity, reliability, and stability for measuring service quality of paratransit services in Indonesia. Research limitations/implications – This research was carried out in a single developing country, namely Indonesia. Hence, the stability of the model needs to be tested in different cultures. Practical implications – Public transport managers can use P-TRANSQUAL to monitor, measure, and improve the service quality of the public transport they manage. Originality/value – This paper has tested a new model of service quality for public transport services, especially paratransit services.