Production scheduling with alternative process plans

This paper deals with a scheduling problem with alternative process plans that was motivated by a production of wire harnesses where certain parts can be processed manually or automatically by different types of machines. Only a subset of all the given activities will form the solution, so the decision whether the activity will appear in the final schedule has to be made during the scheduling process. The problem considered is an extension of the resource constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) with unary resources, positive and negative time-lags and sequence dependent setup times. We extend classic RCPSP problem by a definition of alternative branchings, represented by the Petri nets formalism allowing one to define alternatives and parallelism within one data structure. For this representation of the problem, an integer linear programming model is formulated and the reduction of the problem, using time symmetry mapping, is shown. Finally, a heuristic algorithm based on priority schedule construction with an unscheduling step is proposed for the nested version of the problem and it is used to solve the case study of the wire harnesses production.