Relation entre l’énergie et la croissance économique : approche empirique appliquée au cas de Madagascar pour la periode 1995 à 2015

With increasing energy needs and a continuous rise in hydrocarbon prices, this work aims to evaluate the link between energy and the economy in Madagascar. The enhancement of these links improves the socio-economic impacts of energy policies: what should contribute to development. Electricity, hydrocarbon and GDP are linked by cointegration equations in the short and long term. In the long term, these three variables tend to evolve together and in the case of short-term variation, there is a very strong restoring force that brings the equation back to equilibrium. This characteristic of Madagascar's economy presents a part of the underdevelopment, of the inoperability of various productive resources available. But also because of a long period of insufficient energy production: which contributed to the weakening of the economy. But this study show that : an investment in the energy sector has a direct impact on the standard of living in general, with proportions higher than all other variables in the short term.