Researching the applications of open innovative wireless technologies (Rainow)

By basic research the IEEE 802.15.4/Zigbee standard was identified as the key technology for a wireless sensor network (WSN) and Bluetooth for the wireless mines rescue communication system link. Additionally, alternative power supply technologies have been examined. Wireless sensor network equipment have been developed, like sensors, interfaces and RFID devices, capable of operating in harsh mining environments, at underground propagation conditions and with ultra-low power consumption. Innovative technologies such as wideband chirp transmission schemes, ultra-low power microcontrollers and advanced networking protocols were necessary. By using standard-based interfaces, compatibility of different systems was achieved. Several applications were developed, where the WSN equipment could demonstrate its capabilities. These were for example temperature monitoring at belt drives, rock stress monitoring and material tracking. Additionally, a solution has been developed to make the information of WSNs directly available on site by a wireless linked PDA. Important enhancements of wireless technologies for personal sensor networks (PAN) were achieved. Small size wireless sensors capable of being worn by underground personnel provide continuous monitoring of health and environmental parameters. Localisation within the mine is possible as well. Portable devices for wireless voice communications have also been developed. Operational trials have been carried out in several underground locations around Europe using the different developed technologies, i.e. WSN and PAN equipment and applications. The operational capability of the systems has been proven up to different levels. Some products are ready for marketing, for others firstly ATEX-approval or larger scale demonstration trails are intended.