Rethinking borders in a mobile world: An alternative model

The purpose of this exploratory article is to conceptualize the new types of boundaries born of globalization. The first part of the article summarizes the unique territorial characteristics of States and the methods that they use to affect international flows through control over their own national borders. The second section elaborates the fundamentals of an alternative model that is not reliant, as is classical spatial analysis, on points, lines and surfaces to represent movement. The article then presents three types of limits: the confines, the threshold and the horizon, which result from the divergence, convergence or intersection of flows.