Scheduling Costs and the Value of Travel Time

This paper analyses costs to workers arising from off-peak work schedules. A discrete model of joint travel mode/work-start time choice is estimated using survey data from Singapore. The model indicates that the cost of adjusting one's work-start time δ time units away from the peak starting time is comparable to the cost of one's trip being extended by δ units. The results of this model indicate that transportation projects, such as increases in road capacity, which may not reduce congestion levels may be beneficial if workers are able to adjust their work-start times toward the peak starting time.