Scrambled experts: team handicaps and win probabilities for golf scrambles

Golf is a popular form of competition, and it is traditional for amateur players to use a handicapping system when competing against one another in order to make the competition more interesting and perhaps more equitable. Additionally, the scramble, where each player plays a ball and the better/best of the shots is selected and played (by all players) until the ball is holed, is a popular format for team competition. However, an official handicapping system for scrambles has yet to be developed. This paper develops a model that could provide a rationale for assigning handicaps to multi-person scramble teams with the objective of yielding equitable matches, i.e., equal win probabilities for both/all teams. Probabilistic analysis is used to derive the distributions of team scores and winning probabilities, which can then be use as a mechanism for optimally assigning teams. This paper relaxes many strict assumptions of previous work; results show that equal handicaps are not the best measure of fairness and that player inconsistency may be desirable in scramble formats.