Simulation training methods to develop cultural awareness

Purpose – This paper aims to review the simulation methods that are available for training to develop cultural awareness for business people, members of international NGOs, diplomatic staff and others working in the international environment, as well as teachers of international business subjects at universities. It provides examples of good practice with analysis of the effectiveness of the different training methods. Design/methodology/approach – The paper takes the form of a critical review of existing methods with comments on suitability, advantages and disadvantages and examples of good practice. Findings – The development of cultural awareness and cultural sensitivity is of fundamental importance for those working in the international community. Various methods of simulating cultural scenarios can be used to prepare those going to live and work in this environment. The most effective methods involve experiential learning in real‐life scenarios. Practical implications – The methods described involve simulation exercises for use at various levels of business training. They are examples of real‐life cross‐cultural problem areas experienced by those working internationally. Originality/value – The paper presents a comprehensive review of existing methods of simulation with examples of good practice and a statement of learning outcomes.