Splitting of satellites in a time-dependent Kondo model

A time-dependent Kondo model, where both the voltage and the Kondo couplings oscillate on time, is considered. The bosonization technique at the Toulouse limit is applied to study the conductance and the magnetic susceptibility. It is shown that in addition to the satellites of the Kondo peak that appear in the conductance and the susceptibility as a function of the magnetic field or dc voltage, when the voltage oscillates, these satellites further split when the Kondo couplings also oscillate on time. The distance of the satellite splitting solely depends on the ratio between the oscillation frequencies of the voltage and of the Kondo couplings. When the Kondo couplings oscillate more rapidly than the voltage, the distance of the satellite peaks can be smaller than the voltage oscillation frequency. Copyright EDP Sciences, SIF, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014