One. Formalization of statistical problems -- 1 Statistical description of empirical phenomena -- 2. A scheme of statistical problems -- Two. Selected theoretical topics -- 3. Discriminant analysis -- 4. Screening problems -- 5. Evaluation of stochastic dependence -- Three. Selected practical problems -- 6. Statistical problems of population genetics -- 7. Paternity proving -- 8. Studies on sister cells -- 9. Survival analysis for censored data -- 10. Latent variables in experimental psychology -- 11. Queueing models of computer systems -- Closing remarks -- Appendix. Algorithms for evaluating monotone dependence function and screening threshold -- A.1. Introduction -- A.2. Algorithm for evaluating monotone dependence function for a bivariate discrete distribution /J. ?wik, A. Kowalski -- A.3. Algorithm for evaluating monotone dependence function for an empiricaldistribution based on a raw sample /J. ?wik, A. Kowalski -- A.4. Algorithm for evaluating screening threshold /J. ?wik -- References.