STUDY REGARDING THE EVALUATION AND RECOGNITION OF CLAIMS AND DEBTS AFFERENT TO INTERNATIONAL TRADING TRANSACTIONS

Taking into account the fact that the volume of the transactions performed by Romanian entities with partners from other European Union (EU) member states, as well as with partners outside the EU, are in a continuous increase, we aim at the continuous update of the accounting process concerning the operations of external commerce, in order to quantify as accurate as possible the effects of the currency exchange over the external commercial entities. Consequently, to ensure the comparability of the accounting data and information contained by their annual financial situations, uniform accounting principles and valuation methods are applied. The claims and debts can be introduced in the financial situation only when accounting regulations in force are evaluated correctly and recognized in accounting, which imposes the accomplishment of certain conditions which shall be presented in the content of this paper. In the content of this paper are presented the aspects concerning the evaluation and recognition of claims and debts afferent to international commercial transactions, taking into account the national accounting regulations, as well as the European accounting directives. The provisions of these regulations have been adapted to the commercial activities of a foreign trade company and the way in which these activities are put into practice will be presented in a case study. The objective of this study starts from the premises that the accurate evaluation in currency of the commercial claims and debts leads to real and pertinent financial situations which supports the process of taking decisions in the development of new commercial transactions at international level.