• 1 Executive Summary
  • 2 Introduction
  • 2.1 Background
  • 2.2 Objectives of the study
  • 2.3 Methodology
  • 2.4 Terminology
  • 2.4.1 Law enforcement authorities
  • 2.4.2 Information and intelligence
  • 2.4.3 Information and IT Channels
  • 3 Identification and analysis of current exchanges of information
  • 3.1 National Structures
  • 3.2 Legal bases
  • 3.2.1 Principle of Availability
  • 3.2.2 Swedish Initiative
  • 3.2.3 Prüm treaty
  • 3.3 Scale of cross-border information exchange
  • 3.4 Types of information
  • 3.5 Communication channels and information flows
  • 3.5.1 Police Channel
  • 3.5.2 Customs channels
  • 3.5.3 Bilateral and Regional Channels
  • 3.5.4 Police and Customs Co-operation Centres
  • 3.5.5 Use and selection of communication channels
  • 3.5.6 Relationship between formal and informal methods of exchanging information
  • 3.5.7 Work flows and interconnections of law enforcement systems
  • 4 Common obstacles hampering efficient cross-border information exchange
  • 4.1 Legal problems
  • 4.2 Technical problems
  • 4.3 Bottlenecks
  • 4.4 Redundancies
  • 5 Identification of law enforcement needs
  • 5.1 Access to data
  • 5.2 Time Limits
  • 5.3 Quality of information and criminal intelligence
  • 6 Good practices
  • 7 Recommendations and conclusions
  • 7.1 Conclusions
  • 7.2 Recommendations
  • 8 Bibliography
  • Appendices
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