Testing for spatial lag and spatial error dependence using double length artificial regressions

This paper obtains the joint and conditional Lagrange multiplier (LM) tests for a spatial lag regression model with spatial auto-regressive error derived in Anselin (Reg Sci Urban Ecom 26:77–104, <CitationRef CitationID="CR5">1996</CitationRef>) using artificial double length regressions (DLR). These DLR tests and their corresponding LM tests are compared using an illustrative example and a Monte Carlo simulation. Copyright Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014