The Development of Co-Innovation Strategies : Stages and Interaction Patterns in Interfirm Innovation

Organizations that choose or are forced to innovate in cooperation with other organizations, go through four stages of co-innovation strategy development. The stages are successively: (I) organizations develop strategies on their own, (II) organizations concentrate on developing innovation strategies in close cooperation with other organizations, (III) organizations found a joint organization in which they develop co-innovation programs, and (IV) organizations develop innovations, based on the co-innovation strategies and programs. The description of the stages is based on an interfirm network approach and a research project in the Dutch construction industry. The stage model can be a guideline for organizations that participate in co-innovation processes and have to decide how and with whom they co-innovate