The Goals of U.S. Agricultural Policy : A Mechanism Design Approach

This article examines motivations underlying the government's choice of alternative policy mechanisms for subsidizing agriculture. Optimal policies are analyzed for three government objectives: one where the government wishes to ensure a minimum level of net income for all farmers, a second where the government's only concern is to transfer income from consumers and taxpayers to the farm sector, and a final "augmented" income-transfer objective. The analysis offers an explanation for agricultural policy mechanisms that involve overproduction by high-cost producers, relative to a free-market equilibrium. Such a distortion might arise from the existence of nonmarket values for the production of relatively high-cost farmers in the government's objective