The Impact of Gender Inequality and Environmental Degradation on Human Well-Being in The Case of Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis

This study has investigated the impact of gender inequality and environmental degradation on human well-being in the case of Pakistan from 1980 to 2014. Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test is used for stationarity of the variables. Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL) is used for co-integration among the variables of the model. The results show that gender inequality has a negative and significant impact on human well-being in Pakistan, while gender equality encourages human well-being. The calculated results show that there is positive but insignificant relationship with environmental degradation and human well-being in case of Pakistan. The estimated results show that economic misery has a negative and significant impact on human well-being in case of Pakistan. The estimated results show that economic growth has a positive and significant relationship with human well-being in Pakistan. On the basis of estimated results, it is concluded that gender equality, economic misery and economic growth are playing an important role in determining human well-being in Pakistan. Therefore, in order to improve human well-being, government must reduce gender inequality and economic misery while enhancing in parallel the economic growth.