The Process of Educating and Developing Managers for the Year 2000

A review of the literature defining managerial skill draws the conclusion that the key to future management development lies in identifying the competencies required for individual managers' jobs and developing programmes to meet these, within the context of organisational goals and politics. Female managers face special stresses in addition to those identified for male counterparts. An attempt is under way to abstract key components of the self‐assessment programme for use in longitudinal research and development activities.