The Second Law of Thermodynamic Analysis for Longitudinal Strip Inserted Nanodiamond-Fe3o4/Water Hybrid Nanofluids

Experiments have been conducted to approximate the Nusselt number, friction factor, exergy efficiency, and thermal entropy generation of longitudinal strip inserted water diluted nanodiamond-Fe 3 O 4 nanofluids circulate in conduit. The ranges of experiments were, [[EQUATION]] ; [[EQUATION]] ; [[EQUATION]] , respectively. Results show that the Nusselt number of 0.2% hybrid nanofluid is increased to 29.55% at Re of 18572 opposite to water. Similarly, for 0.2% vol. nanofluid with longitudinal strip, AR = 1, the Nusselt number is far increased to 87.21%, in case of water. The friction factor penalty is 11.36% at [[EQUATION]] = 0.2% nanofluid and more raise of 46.33% occurred at [[EQUATION]] = 0.2% and at AR = 1, compared to water. Thermal entropy generation is lowered with a higher particle loadings and also far lowered with longitudinal strip insert of AR = 1. Moreover, the frictional entropy generation rose to a rise of particle loadings and inserts. The exergy efficiencies are 18.95% and 25.55% for base fluid and 0.2% nanofluid, but it is further raised to 64.85% at 0.2% nanofluid and insert of AR = 1 at Re of 18521. The estimated thermal performance factor for all the test cases is excessive than 1, which shows, the hybrid nanofluids and inserts are favorable for heat transfer augmentation. Generalized correlations for Nusselt number and friction factor were developed