The uses and disuses of doctoral degrees in the social sciences and the humanities : the case of Hungary

This study offers a contribution to our existing knowledge of the impacts of Hungarian social science and humanities PhDs on the graduates themselves and on their own personal and social environments. We employ new empirical findings-gained from an e-survey and from structured interviews-in an attempt to understand and explain impacts and lacks. Empirical analysis allowed us to identify certain differences in terms of usefulness in several respects, such as the specific sector of employment, mobility or the actual level of impact. The PhD education process and the degree itself have a more positive impact on personal satisfaction and on an individual's career than on the employing organisation. A PhD degree in Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) fields seems to generate more in the way of benefit and impact in the academic field than in non-academic jobs-a difference which reflects on the academic orientation of Hungarian PhD education. All stakeholders need to devote further major efforts into developing the "dual" form of PhD education, so clearly benefitting the whole of the Hungarian economy and society.