Towards the development of a strategic framework for entrepreneurial universities : a case of Botswana public universities

This study investigated the relevance of a triple helix model in the transition of public universities in Botswana into entrepreneurial universities. A qualitative study with 30 participants from four (4) public universities was conducted using a semi-structured interview. The sample was drawn from top management in each university using purposive and snowballing non-probability sampling techniques. Data was transcribed, coded and grouped into themes using Atlas ti software version 22. The study results revealed that the triple helix model was a relevant and applicable model for public universities in Botswana to transform into entrepreneurial universities. The relationship between academics, industry and government was found critical for the success of an entrepreneurial university. Even though this was the case, a unique finding specific to the Botswana context was that the model lacked the involvement of another key player, which was identified as the community. Hence, the study recommended a quadruple helix model. The study was the first to examine the relevance of a triple helix model in transforming public universities into entrepreneurial universities in Botswana.