Two-Layer Optimal Scheduling Model for a Park-Level Integrated Energy System Considering Both Electricity and Carbon Markets

As the coupling relationship between electricity and carbon markets has become increasingly close, it has an important impact on the low-carbon economic operation of integrated energy systems (IESs). Therefore, demand response and carbon trading mechanisms are introduced into the operation and dispatch model of the IES, thereby improving the economy and environmental protection of IES operations. This study guides users to participate in a demand response program through incentive measures such as time-of-use (TOU) electricity prices and demand response incentive subsidies in the electricity market environment, and based on the information gap decision-making theory, a two-layer stochastic optimal scheduling model is constructed considering the ladder-type carbon trading mechanism and the interactive response behavior of park-level IES operator and user. By comparing and analyzing the conventional strategy in the deterministic scenario and the schedule plan under the risk averse strategy and risk seeker strategy in the uncertain scenario, the impact of the carbon trading mechanism on the economics of the system operation was studied, and the validity of the proposed model was verified