IEG@50: Celebrating 50 Years of Independent Evaluation at The World Bank Group is a commemorative report marking five decades of independent evaluation across the World Bank Group. The report celebrates the legacy of the Operations Evaluation Department and its transformation into the...

This report assesses directions for future policy interventions that could deliver within the next 15 years, substantial air quality improvements in low- and middle-income regions. Priorities are derived from a cost-effectiveness analysis of the available options to achieve, in each region, an...

This note synthesizes the World Bank’s approach to supporting the Philippines in addressing the plastic waste crisis. As one of the largest contributors to marine plastic pollution globally, the Philippines is estimated to leak more than 0,3 million metric tons of plastic waste into the ocean...

Infrastructure development is crucial for the continued economic growth and prosperity of emerging markets and developed economies (EMDEs). The demand for infrastructure, propelled by population growth and ever-increasing rate of urbanization, has resulted in the need to build, and improve...

Economic growth decelerated to 1.5 percent in the first half of 2025, driven by contraction in the hydrocarbon sector and marked slowdown in non-hydrocarbon sector output. Hydrocarbon sector output fell 3.2 percent (you) as daily crude oil production declined 3.1 percent (yoyo) while natural gas...

This Subnational Climate Change Institutional Assessment (CCIA) offers an analysis of the institutional environment shaping climate action in Malaysia’s two most resource-rich and ecologically significant states. By examining their governance structures, fiscal mechanisms, and the roles of key...

This 2025 Poverty and Equity Assessment examines Bangladesh’s progress in poverty reduction and inclusive development from 2010 to 2022. Poverty in Bangladesh declined between 2010 and 2022, but the pace of progress slowed after 2016, and over one-third of the population remained vulnerable to...

The Public Finance Review (PFR) for Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) aims to support policymakers in strengthening medium-term fiscal frameworks and aligning fiscal policy with sustainable and inclusive growth. Against the backdrop of BiH’s highly decentralized governance structure, heightened...

The Kenya Longitudinal Socioeconomic Study of Refugees and Host Communities (K-LSRH) is the first national panel survey of registered refugees and hosts in Kenya. It provides a unique opportunity to inform efforts to enhance the socioeconomic integration of refugees. Unlike previous surveys that...

The Building Regulatory Capacity Assessment (BRCA) is a methodology to help countries, and cities assess their building and land use regulatory framework and identify opportunities for priority reforms and improvements. This is a pressing issue, as in many countries, rapid urbanization is...