Böhringer, Christoph; Rutherford, Thomas F.; Tol, … - 2009
climate policy. If implemented at the lowest possible cost, the 20% emissions reduction would lead to a welfare loss of 0 …/non-ETS split may have a negligible impact on welfare, while the renewables standard may even improve welfare. The models agree …, however, that the distortions introduced by total EU package imply a substantial welfare loss over and above the costs needed …