Astrov, Vasily; Grieveson, Richard; Kochnev, Artem; … - Wiener Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsvergleiche - 2022
limited sanctions response, particularly from the EU, while a full invasion would entail major sanctions from the West as a … sanctions on either Russian GDP or the FX rate. However, we find that Russia is extremely vulnerable to a reduction in the price … or volume of its energy exports. This truly nuclear sanctions option-that of restricting energy trade between Russia and …