Hackl, Franz; Halla, Martin; Pruckner, Gerald J. - 2009
we combine individual-level data from the European and World Values Survey with macroeconomic and political variables for … (consensual crowding out). And finally, the more a government supports democratization, the lower is the individual's engagement … (participatory crowding out). Religiosity and a more unequal income distribution in a country increase individuals' willingness to …