Farzanegan, Mohammad Reza; Habibi, Nader - 2024
significant international sanctions. By comparing the middle-class size of this counterfactual Iran with the actual Iran that … faced major economic sanctions, our results indicate that the annual middle-class size would have been approximately 11 … sanctions on the middle-class size of Iran from 2012 to 2019 is highly statistically significant. Finally, we provide evidence …