Agyei-Henaku, Kofi Aaron A-O; Badu-Prah, Charlotte; … - 2024
investigate the substitution and complementary effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade in the agricultural sector in … estimators. We found that inward FDI did not influence trade. Outward FDI substituted exports and trade openness in the … transition countries of Eastern Europe. However, outward FDI complemented imports and trade openness in Eastern Europe. …