Hemerijck, Anton; Eichhorst, Werner - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2009
founding EU Member States of
Germany, France, Italy and the Benelux countries, together with the later entrants Spain and … important, the substantive extent
of welfare redirection across a large number of Member States of the European Union (EU … and pensions, which have ushered in a period of permanent austerity
(Pierson 1998, 2001A). The maturation of welfare …