Grünewald, Seraina Neva; Klooster, Jens van 't - 2023
A striking asymmetry defines the European Central Bank (ECB)’s approach to democratic accountability. Today’s ECB makes … article, we document the dramatic changes to ECB decision-making by comparing the policy frameworks informing Governing … Council deliberations according to the 1998, 2003 and 2021 strategies. We show that the transformation of the ECB’s monetary …