Following stakeholder resource-based theory (SRBT), we conceptualize the value relevance of corporate social irresponsibility (CSI) based on the bargaining power that stakeholders possess regarding firms' inputs and revenue generations. Accordingly, we classify the stakeholders into residual...

Ecosystems are increasingly recognized as crucial for the success of a firm's innovation strategy and business model. They are also a topic attracting increasing academic interest, with more than 300 articles published in top journals since 1992, most in the past five years. Based on an...

Prior studies examine outside directors' characteristics without considering their behaviors and document mixed results. We propose a new measure based on dissenting opinions expressed by outside directors in board meetings, which provide unique insights into their active monitoring actions. We...