Closing the loopholes of downstream application of the Capper-Volstead exemption in the food system and pay for delay in pharmaceuticals is an important advance in US and EU antitrust norms. First, pay-for-delay conduct has been harmful for pharmaceuticals customers. After ten years of...

Marketing tools, in addition to their role in persuasion and serving as a bridge between production and consumers, reduce pre-purchase risks. This role has received less attention in the literature. This study highlights marketing's role in reducing consumers' purchasing risk. We present our...