The purpose of this paper is to look at implications of the EMU accession on international trade flows of the new member states with members of the enlarged EU. I begin with the evaluation of an early impact of the EMU on trade based on a gravity model. The results are then employed in the...

The paper assesses differences in productivity and its determinants among enterprises manufacturing cosmetics and detergents (NACE 245) and located in Germany and in three EU new member states. The database collected through conducting an identical survey in Germany, Poland, Czech Republic and...

The purpose of the paper is to develop a formal method for monitoring and assessment of the process of sustainable national development. In particular, we apply cluster analysis to develop procedures of formal assessment of development gaps, and show how they can be applied for monitoring...

The paper looks at a five-year experience of the membership of the Kyrgyz Republic in WTO. It provides an analysis of the pre-accession trade policies, the commitments taken by the Government of the country in the accession process and the post-accession record of foreign trade and investments...

The paper contributes to the recent empirical literature on real exchange rates in CEECs. Instead of estimating a complete model, the PPP and relative price models (two main components of the real exchange rate) are investigated separately. All empirical tests are conducted in the heterogonous...

The results of the first decade of economic transition are very uneven and are distributed according to a sub-regional pattern. The group of 'leading reformers' consists of middle-income countries of democratic capitalism of the Central Europe and Baltic region (CEB). The second group of less...

We analyze the governance structure and the financing of Kyrgyz education, with special emphasis on the general secondary education system. General secondary schools are under the authority of oblasts and rayons. Our main findings are as follows: 1.) The oblast and rayon authorities in...

We analyze Georgian education finance and show that it is embedded in the overall structure of Georgian rayon finances, reflecting all their weaknesses: inequalities, lack of transparency, unmanageability, room for corruption. The budgetary and political independence of rayons is very limited....

Non-governmental organizations have been active in Moldova since 1989, but a civil society started its today’s formation as a result of radical reforms in economic and political areas only after the country became independent in 1991. Since that time the establishment of a transitional civil...

Romania started the transition process by adopting a gradualist strategy for implementing its economic reforms, most of which being carried out independently and not through a concrete and cohesive policy package. The dynamics of restructuring on the labor market is analyzed by the Index of...