Because standard frequently incorporate patented inventions, standard setting organizations have designed ad hoc policies whereby the owners of such "standard essential patents" must commit ex ante to license them on fair reasonable and non-discriminatory terms to manufacturers of...

This paper analyzes empirically the value - as measured by patent citations - of a set of 1363 essential patents belonging to 9 different patent pools. We find that pooled patents receive more cites than control patents having the same characteristics but not included in a pool. This difference...

This article compares the relationship between patent quality and patent value in discrete and cumulative innovation. Using factor analysis and a set of various commonly used patent quality indicators including claims, citations and family size, we build a quality factor jointly driving all...

In this paper we compare the practical policy implications that can be derived from the calculation of three aggregate sustainability indicators for Madagascar. The chosen indicators are: the Adjusted Net Saving, the Genuine Progress Indicator, and the Ecological Footprint. Our results are...

In this paper we estimate the wealth of Mozambique in 2000 and 2005 in order to assess the sustainability of its development path, relying mainly on Arrow (2007). Our results show that Mozambican growth is driven mainly by human and physical capital accumulation, while the pressure on natural...