The success of the Paris Agreement depends in large measure on the legal and operational details of the “enhanced transparency framework” under article 13, including the transparency framework for climate financial support. The transparency framework for financial support will guide how...

The implementation of the Paris Agreement on climate change should follow a rights-centred approach, not only because negative climate change impacts can directly affect several human rights, but also because actions to address climate change may also provoke unintended human rights...

The focus of the last two decades (1994–2015) on the world’s Indigenous peoples has highlighted a number of critical issues that are central to Indigenous empowerment and resurgence in the quest for decolonization. The key issues include Indigenous peoples’ full and effective participation...

In the modern data-driven economy, trade secrets are becoming a more important part of firms’ intellectual property strategies. For their part, governments worldwide have been introducing new legislation to broaden and toughen the protection for trade secrets citing estimates of the cost of...

The knowledge-based and data-driven economy represents a new stage in the evolution of the economy, with transformative impacts on how goods and services are developed, produced, traded across borders, distributed, and consumed. Data is the essential capital of this new economic age as it...

The digital transformation occurring worldwide poses significant challenges for a governance framework that evolved gradually and incrementally over centuries, shaped by lessons learned during the long era of industrialization and globalization in which much of today’s technology was still...

Patent pledges — public commitments to limit the enforcement or other exploitation of one’s patent rights — are increasing in popularity in a range of market sectors, from telecommunications and software to biopharma and green technology. Following initial work that sought to classify and...

The fair and equitable treatment (FET) standard has long been considered an indispensable part of international investment protection agreements and is often invoked in investor-state arbitration (ISA). Particularly after the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) came into effect in 1994,...

Climate engineering (CE) is increasingly becoming an area of broad public policy interest within international and domestic climate policy discussions. In addition to receiving greater attention within regulatory contexts, there is a gradual shift toward greater support for nationally supported...

Argentina's 2001 default was followed by a complex debt restructuring that included a long legal dispute with so-called “vulture funds” and other holdout creditors. The full resolution of the sovereign default took almost 15 years. This paper examines the whole restructuring process. It...