From the perspective of an investor, digital assets are an alternative class of assets. They have several features that differentiate them from traditional investments. This makes them well-suited for a diversified portfolio. The question is how to accommodate them in such a portfolio, how to...

The Element provides a broad overview of the Polish furniture industry. It tells the story of a sector that grew from a bundle of craftsmen into Europe's largest and the world's second-largest furniture exporter within three decades. This is also the story of a sector marked by a subordinate...

There are many explanations for the so-called rigor-relevance gap in academic research on strategic management. This Element reviews the existing literature on the matter and argues that it must go beyond the typical explanations of knowledge and language differences and look at more...

Chaotic environments are producing unique and unprecedented challenges for multinational companies, challenges that raise important questions about whether and how multinationals will survive or wither away. This Element explores both the macro political, economic, technological, and social...

This text consults seven variants of institutional theory to explore how these can be applied to strategic management. These variants are New Institutional Economics, Old Institutionalism, New Institutionalism, institutional entrepreneurship and change, intra organizational institutionalization,...

Effectuation has become the basis for educating entrepreneurs and managers. Derived from cognitive and behavioral economic studies of expert entrepreneurs, effectuation shows how to cocreate value in highly uncertain situations. The framework of effectuation consists in techniques that minimize...

Proposes a description of the state of artificial intelligence today in terms of business processes and strategies as well as its societal reception. It discusses the current state of machine learning and AI in strategic management, and to describe the emerging technologies.

This Element maintains that increasing strategic effectiveness involves paying greater attention to the idiosyncratic capabilities and know-how already accumulated in an organisation's shared practices and the modus operandi contained therein. An organisation's modus operandi describes the...

This Element combines the advances of the economics of knowledge and innovation implementing the Schumpeterian notion of creative response to understand the determinants and the effects of the rate and direction of technological and organisational change and its variance across time and space,...

The widespread prevalence of economically, socially, and environmentally unsustainable practices in global value chains is a pressing international challenge. The way to improve systems and practices in the complex networks that characterize contemporary production processes is not clear cut....