Several African governments, like others throughout the world, have been experimenting for some time with private sector participation in the provision of water supply and sanitation services. Some of these governments, though not all, decided to establish asset holding companies, in an effort...

The question addressed is whether the Essential Facilities Doctrine can be applied in cases of software interoperability. The Microsoft case is used as a platform for the exploration of an evolved version of the Doctrine, tailored especially for cases of compatibility in the high-technology...

Faced with liberalisation proposals and an increasing internationalisation of water resource management, the question arises as to how a change of the regulatory framework in Germany would affect the market structure and the supply conditions in this area. The water supply companies in Germany...

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the economic worthiness of the service concession to mixed companies (iPPP), which represents a form of partnership substantially neglected by economic literature. Our underlying objective is to provide New Institutional Economics with some evidence to...

In spite of the many economic benefits, the international effort to privatize commercial airports might lead to discrimination regarding the access to airport infrastructure. This occurs when airlines have a full or partial share in the airports or, alternatively, when airports become...

This paper studies how different types of unbundling – accounting, management, legal and ownership unbundling – influence the electricity wholesale market. Starting from the current market situation as observed in many countries, with imperfect competition in generation and imperfect...

Interconnectors pose a challenge to EC competition law. Finding investment for capital-intensive infrastructure investment such as interconnectors means that the requirements of financiers and project sponsors for long-term predictability of cash flow is assured. T at usually involves long-term...