As a part of a two-volume series, this report provides a strategic assessment of Finland, Sweden, Denmark and Germany in the context of escalating geopolitical threats in the Baltic Sea region. It analyses how each country has recalibrated its defence posture - through adjustments to military...

As part of a two-volume series, this report provides a critical analysis of NATO's north-eastern flank - Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia - as a vital bulwark against evolving Russian threats. It examines how the four countries have transitioned from post-Soviet vulnerabilities into pivotal...

There is a growing consensus that sovereign debt challenges in Africa are no longer only an issue of poor debt contraction and management practices, but that the sovereign debt architecture itself needs reform. Drawing on existing data, the literature and interviews with experts this study...

Over the past 15 years, green industries have developed rapidly in China, and with an increasingly saturated domestic market, Chinese companies have intensified their search for overseas markets. The Chinese government is supporting that pursuit under the Green Belt and Road Initiative. This...

Denne rapport beskriver, hvordan der er stor interesse i at udbygge det europæiske forsvarssamarbejde - særligt på baggrund af en forsvarsindustriel prioritering. Den europæiske højrefløj får stadig større opbakning og stadig større indflydelse, men har historisk set været i opposition...

This report explores the EU's bold efforts to diversify energy sources, ramp up renewable energy use, and enforce stringent energy efficiency measures amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the subsequent energy crisis. Discover to what extent the EU has overcome infrastructural and...

This report offers an analysis of Russia's Africa policy since its February 2022 invasion of Ukraine. Three major conclusions emerge from it. First, Russia is engaged in a concerted effort to maintain and, if possible, extend its politico-military influence on the continent. To this end, it...

Tyskland gennemlever i disse år en sikkerhedspolitisk transitionsfase, der bygger på tre præmisser. For det første er en allerede eksisterende debat om Tysklands sikkerhedspolitiske profil blevet intensiveret som reaktion på den omfattende russiske militære invasion af Ukraine og den...