This paper examines the contending futures of United Nations (UN) peacekeeping through an analysis of key UN publications and interviews conducted in New York in 2024. At a time when peacekeeping faces multiple challenges - including a crisis of trust, diminished legitimacy, and a deadlocked...

This paper examines the contending futures of United Nations (UN) peacekeeping through an analysis of key UN publications and interviews conducted in New York in 2024. At a time when peacekeeping faces multiple challenges - including a crisis of trust, diminished legitimacy, and a deadlocked...

Despite Ghana's explicit plans to deploy mini-grids for the electrification of off-grid and remote communities, progress has been slow. This paper explores how political dynamics and policy shifts have shaped the governance of mini-grids over time. It examines the evolution of mini-grids in...

This Working Paper explores the notion of 'essential concepts' and their contestation with an eye on the field of International Relations (IR). The title plays on W.B. Gallie's famous essay to pursue the argument that a debate over the meaning of an essential concept has analytical, normative...

We are currently witnessing complex interactions between climate change, development and security challenges, and social relations in many contexts globally. Programming focusing on these issues, especially with a focus on social cohesion, is rapidly expanding. However, data on the linkages...

All countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have submitted Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) as part of their respective commitments to climate action, and they will start to share updated versions of their NDCs in 2025. While various analyses have documented and analysed the significant...

This working paper analyses the public international climate-related development finance reaching Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda, the three largest countries in the East Africa region, in the period 2015-2022 with a focus on the quantity of and trends in commitments of adaptation-related development...

Climate change is a priority area in European and broader Western initiatives for global security, with a significant focus on Africa. This paper argues that advancing the climate security agenda in Africa necessitates an approach oriented towards integrating climate adaptation and finance into...