The article examines the factors that influenced America's defense budget in the wake of Sputnik. It concludes that both Eisenhower and Kennedy for political purposes proposed bigger defense expenditure to Congress than they thought was justified from a military standpoint. Both were strongly...

From the early 1980s Spain embarked on a wide-ranging process of military reform, from organisational changes to defence industrial policies. Investment in military equipment was set to grow, policies were drawn up to foster the domestic defence industrial base, defence R&D rocketed, and Spain...

The analysis of military expenditure, inside alliances as well as outside, has gained much when the original Olson-Zeckhauser approach was generalized into the joint-product model of alliances as developed by Todd Sandier and others. This model allowed, as benefits to allies determining military...

Data limitations arising from non-transparency in military expenditure reporting impose significant constraints on economists studying country and comparative developments in this field. This article focuses on the case of China. It reviews the recent literature on China's military expenditure,...

Greece and Turkey are both members of NATO and are two of the principal players in the Balkan region. Their respective defence burdens (i.e. the share of military expenditure to GDP) are the highest in NATO. Their bilateral relations are marred by serious friction and conflict of interest and...

This article identifies and evaluates likely challenges facing NATO today and into the next millennium. These contingencies include ethnic-based civil wars in Europe, transnational terrorism, rogue states, increased world income inequality, out-of-area conflicts, and environmental and resource...

This article contains estimates of the economic and political costs and risks for the build-up, maintenance, modernization, and operation of a global military power projection for the EU, which is comparable in size and effectiveness to that of the USA. Build-up costs for such a capacity are...

This paper investigates the causality issue between military expenditure and growth in the case of Turkey, a strategically located developing country, for the period 1954-1993. Results reported herein reveal the absence of any causal ordering between the variables in question.

This article examines burden-sharing behavior from the mid-1970s to 1994 using conscription-adjusted data. Except for the Reagan defense build-up in the early 1980s, actual defense burdens are not significantly different than average derived defense burdens. There is little sign of the...

This paper provides a country survey of the Turkish defence economy. Turkey is a member of NATO alliance and is strategically located between Europe and Middle East. Moreover, Turkey has a high defence burden and high economic growth. The first part of the survey presents a brief economic...