This paper explains the nature of interest rates in the U.S. federal funds market after the 2007-09 financial crisis. We build a model of the over-the-counter lending market that incorporates new aspects of the financial system: abundance of liquidity, different regulatory standards for banks,...

Do financial constraints amplify or dampen the transmission of monetary policy to the real economy? To answer this question, we propose a simple empirical strategy that combines (i) firm-level employment and balance sheet data, (ii) identified monetary policy shocks and (iii) survey data on...

We propose a macroeconomic model with a nonlinear Phillips curve that has a flat slope when inflationary pressures are subdued and steepens when inflationary pressures are elevated. The nonlinear Phillips curve in our model arises due to a quasi-kinked demand schedule for goods produced by...

Most macroeconomic models, both fully structural models as well as SVAR models, view economic outcomes as the product of a combination of endogenous and exogenous dynamic forces. In particular, the exogenous forces are generally modeled as a set of linearly independent dynamics processes. In...

With central banks becoming monetary authorities, research departments have become a core element of a modern central bank. Crucial elements of a central bank research department are contributing to monetary policymaking and sustaining a dialogue with the academic community. The importance of...

We evaluate the welfare effects of the economic consequence of the COVID shock and job retention schemes (JRS) in a heterogenous agents DSGE model calibrated to the euro area. We find that the welfare cost of the COVID shock is large. Households who hold a limited stock of financial wealth and...

Le 2 août 2021 le Fonds Monétaire International (FMI) a approuvé une nouvelle allocation de droits de tirage spéciaux (433 milliards de DTS soit 650 milliards de dollars) afin de faire face aux besoins de balance des paiements nés de la crise du COVID, avec prise d'effet le 23 août. Ce...

Impact, sens. Le merveilleux film de Sofia Coppola, « Lost in Translation », de 2003, disserte avec génie sur la rencontre, le mal-être, le langage, l'isolement… Avec une infinie modestie, l'objet de cet article est, à son image, de rendre compte de la rencontre si difficile et il faut...

Alors qu'en Afrique la plupart des États ont leur propre monnaie, quatorze se partagent entre deux Unions monétaires, l'Union monétaire ouest-africaine d'une part et l'Union monétaire de l'Afrique centrale d'autre part. La Common Monetary Area, qui réunit l'Afrique du Sud, le Lesotho, la...