The National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act of 1992 was enacted in response to an urgent need to protect the rich biological diversity of the Philippine ecosystems, which is seriously threatened by human exploitation. One of the critical elements of the law is the creation and...

Thai economic conditions considerably depend on the performance of tourism sectors. More than half of the Thai industries are directly and indirectly interdependent with tourism sectors. Given these large economic dependences upon tourism, any internal or external changes that affect Thai...

This manual has been prepared with support provided by the Economy and Environment Programme for South East Asia (EEPSEA) to enhance the capacity of researchers in carrying out practival applications of BCA using spreadsheet modeling and analysis. The framework and analyses presented are based...

To understand the potential impacts of China's accession to WTO in her new de-sulfur policy (gradual reduction of 10% of annual SO2 emission by 2005 with respect to that of 2000), we construct a CGE model in which SO2 emission is directly linked to energy input consumption in production. The...

The international community has invested billions of dollars to stem the loss of native ecosystems in low-income nations (Hardner and Rice; James et al.). Despite these investments, the loss continues (Achard et al.; Balmford et al.). Ecosystems and the services they provide (biodiversity, climate...

Forest cover in Viet Nam decreased by more than 35% since the 1950s. As much as 75% of the forest cover has been removed in some northern areas. Despite government sponsored reforestation programs, deforestation continues, especially when property rights to the forest are not secure and where...

Industrial water pollution is one of the major environmental problems in Sri Lanka, which has attracted public attention over the past few decades. Despite new laws and regulations requiring industries to treat their wastewater many industries in Sri Lanka are unable to comply due to lack of...

This study is based on two observations about farmers' decisions to plant trees. The first is that it takes more labor to cut or uproot trees than to plant them. The second, is that rural labor markets are riddled with imperfections that make it difficult to hire labor for farm management so...

In the Philippines, Lingayen Gulf is one of the main producers of aquaculture. In 1992, the Lingayen Gulf Coastal Area Management Plan (LGCAMP) was formulated to regulate aquaculture industry. Bolinao was one of the municipalities surrounding the Gulf identified to be suited for coastal or...

Both rice production and fish culture in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam have a close mutual relationship with the use of water and land resources. First, they are competitive in the use of land and water. Second, rice production discharges pesticides into water bodies causing an external cost to fish...