The EU Treaties rely on an open market economy - the Draghi Report does not. The EU's lag in cutting-edge tech is known, and Draghi's state-driven response is unconvincing. EU overregulation is an issue particularly in the strategic areas identified by Draghi. Large-scale public funding distorts...

This study examines the overall economic costs arising from high levels of bureaucracy. We also shed light on whether and to what extent the digitalization of administrative processes can reduce the economic costs of bureaucracy.The results of our international analysis show that a fundamental...

Since the BRICS+'s challenge to the liberal international order has to do more with various particular issues than with an attempt to upend the norms that underpin the global order, the G7 should negotiate these issues in a step-by-step approach with the BRICS+. The G7 should accept the...

The EU lags the US in productivity growth. Actions to increase innovation, investments in intangible assets, and promote market dynamism are needed to improve the EU's productivity. The EU should increase expenditure on R&D and create better incentives for private-sector R&D spending. The EU...

Addressing the governance of emerging digital automation technologies and data in particular requires a multidisciplinary perspective, including techno-legal, geopolitical and economic expertise. Research on governing the process of individual and B2B data sharing, either through mandatory rules...

We live in the era of the unprecedented rise of populism - measured either by voting share for populist (i.e., antielite and anti-pluralist) politicians or by the presence of populists in governments. There is convincing evidence that the rise of populism has been caused by secular trends...

Radical parties and populists benefit from deteriorating macroeconomic conditions. For voters, the overall economic development appears to be more important than their actual personal economic situation. The most important economic factors explaining the rise of populism as well as the loss of...

Populism at the government level is on the rise and we are living in a populist era. Populist leaders cling to power and populism often returns to countries. Populist governments are a drag on economic growth. Economic nationalism and protectionism are a common feature of populists in power....

Populist-led countries tend to experience lower economic growth and less integration into the global economy compared to countries not governed by populists. Recent studies at the municipal level provide convincing evidence of the impact of populists in office. During their tenure, populist...