The financial sector has a key role to play in supporting the green transition. It is unrealistic to expect financial markets to induce the green transition unless the right signals come from the real economy. Unrealistic expectations can set the financial sector up for failure and derail the...

Both green and transition finance aim to promote improvements to environmental outcomes of organizations. Transition finance is best defined as financial activities that are conditional on entities achieving contextually relevant environmental and socially sustainable criteria within a limited...

The information that ESG raters produce is valuable. Assessing ESG performance is conceptually challenging because we need to measure contextuality, additionality, and preferences. ESG raters, specialized ESG data providers, and aggregators can harness economies of scale. Regulators should...

The teaching of evolution theory in school has a lasting impact on students. Reforms of the coverage of evolution in US education standards have a positive effect on students’ knowledge of evolution by the end of high school. These reforms translate into a greater belief in evolution in...

Topic analysis of the European Central Bank (ECB) press conferences reveals meaningful communication patterns. Similar press conferences are clustered in time ¦ The revisions to the ECB narrative accompany the changes in policy direction. Market volatility increases when the ECB substantially...

This study introduced a new approach for monitoring regional development by applying satellite data with machine learning algorithms. Satellite data that represent physical features and environmental factors were obtained by developing a web-based application on the Google Earth Engine platform....

This paper studies the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on Indonesia's labor market, using the exogenous timing of the pandemic in a seasonal difference-in-differences framework. We use multiple rounds of Indonesia's National Labor Force Survey to establish a pre-pandemic employment trend and...

The Paris Agreement signals increased climate awareness and potential changes in the business environment as an economy decarbonizes. Ratification of the Paris Agreement could heighten climate-related transition risks, especially for companies in high-emitting industries. This research analyzes...

During the past 40 years, the economy of the People's Republic of China (PRC) has achieved miraculous growth, a significant part of which many have attributed to its favorable labor supply resulting from the country's "demographic dividend"-that is, a relatively large share of the working-age...

Globally, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has sparked unexpected and violent outbursts against doctors, nurses, and other health personnel. In the Indian context, studies on violence against doctors and other medical staff largely focus on supply-demand imbalances in health care,...