In this report, we examine the impact that two large external shocks, one related to structural reform and another to immigration policy, had on the initial development and long-term success of New Zealand First (NZF), one of the oldest populist parties in the OECD. Using survey data together...

Populism embeds truth in a welter of lies. Populism erodes trust in mainstream political parties, institutions, ideas, and ideologies. Stagnating productivity, large trade imbalances, and waves of immigration have contributed to increased discontent in the West and eroded trust. Inclusive growth...

Ensuring that all children in the world obtain at least basic skills is paramount for world development. At least two-thirds of the world's youth do not even reach basic skill levels - i.e., the world is short of meeting the Sustainable Development Goal of universal quality education. This is...

We examine how inequality evolved in Germany during the 1983-2020 period. Labor market participation of women increased significantly, while average weekly working hours of women changed little. Gender differences in earnings are still pervasive and more pronounced for individuals with children....

Text mining and corpus linguistic methods are used to analyze 11,000 EU competition law decisions and judgments. This reveals a shift in the competition vocabulary from ordoliberalism in the 1970-80s to neoliberalism in the post-2000s. While the Commission has partly adopted a neoliberal...

Existing and well-functioning e-commerce markets and electronic payment systems improve pandemic performance by providing an effective layer of protection against contagious diseases. Covid-19 caused a major reallocation shock to consumer spending. Revolving credit is an effective though...

The competitiveness of countries and that of firms are different concepts. EU GDP is stable at two-thirds of the US, but productivity growth has lagged since the 1990s. The EU does better on wealth equality and clean-tech export shares. The EU faces two supply-side disadvantages: high energy...

We use data breaches of U.S. firms from 2005 to 2018 to examine the association between corporate communication and the likelihood of data breaches. We find that positive tone of annual reports (10-K filings) has a significant and positive association with the odds of a data breach. We further...

The EU is not yet a defense public goods buyer, but it is generally a public goods provider in the form of the single market, which includes security goods. Public defense goods provision includes a functioning defense market, but the European market for defense equipment remains insufficiently...