The paper is a sequel to a previous one, but is self-contained. It reintroduces orthogonal structures for the representation of loosely packed arrangements of rectangles (with some minor modifications) and ties up loose ends in the earlier paper. It introduces marked structures as an equivalent...

Logic programming is one of a batch of new-generation tools derived from the field of artificial intelligence and presenting new challenges and opportunities to those concerned with managing and processing data. This paper is a review of the underlying theory of logic programming, demonstrating...

A model of urbanization based on the 'replacement hypothesis' is presented. The model is empirically validated from cross-sectional time-series data from eleven countries and the fits are found to be extremely good. Intercountry variations in the growth of urbanization are explained on the basis...

The development is explained of a technique to generate 'modelled' surfaces of census-type socioeconomic survey data that offer the potential to overcome many of the problems inherent in the analysis and presentation of such data in conventional area-based form. Potential benefits of the...

In this paper a study of a new road scheme is used as a starting point in a discussion of the extent to which methods based in operations research (multicriteria analysis) and in psychology (repertory grid techniques) might, in principle and in practice, be used to influence the economic...

Multiattribute evaluation methods are being used without full understanding of the meanings of the weights which characterize the relative importance of the attributes. The weights in the methods do not carry the same meaning, even though the questions asked in the procedures are similar. The...

Color grammars that generate designs made up of lines and/or colors are introduced.

Shape grammars, a well-structured method of generating designs, are suitable for computer implementation. In this paper, a formal representation of shapes as individuals is developed; some binary operations and relations are then defined upon shapes. The formal mechanisms of shape grammars are...